Understanding Remainder and Reversions of Real Estate

All the three estates of freehold interest mightin that the land comes back to the person who
possibly exist at one and the same time over thegranted the intervening interest (the "grantor")
piece of Jamaica land. This does not mean that thereinstead of passing on to someone else.
would be three tenants simultaneously entitled to theOf course the same grant may contain both a
same Jamaica real estate. An estate may give a manremainder and a reversion, as where X who has a
the right to the immediate present possession of thefee simple estate in possession in Whiteacre, grants
land or it may only give him the right to go intoWhiteacre "to V for life and then to Z in tail". Here V
possession and to enjoy the land at some futurehas a life estate in possession and Z an estate tail in
date, In the former case the tenant is said to haveremainder.
"an estate in possession'; in the latter "an estate inBut again the gift of the estate tail to Z does not
remainder" or very often simply "a remainder".exhaust X's interest in the land, because a fee simple
Remainders might be illustrated in this way. When theis of longer duration than a fee tail, so that X still has
owner of a fee simple estate in possession alienatesa fee simple in reversion and on the failure of all Z's
his land he may pass to the new tenant the wholedescendants the land will revert to X in fee simple.
fee simple estate in possession, which wasBefore leaving this point it is important that it should
everything that the old tenant had to give; the newbe understood that although an estate may be in
tenant is then entitled to the present enjoyment ofremainder or in reversion and in consequence give no
the land and no question of remainders arises.immediate right to possession of the land, the estate
Suppose, however, A is tenant in fee simple initself, as opposed to the time at which possession
possession of Blackacre and grants Blackacre "to Bmay be obtained is, nevertheless, Jamaica property
for life and then to C in fee simple". Here B willwhich is immediately valuable and transferable.
receive a life estate and since it carries with it theIn the last example quoted in the previous paragraph,
immediate right to enjoy the land, it will be a lifeZ's descendants might not fail and Z's estate tail
estate in possession. C, on the other hand, gets amight therefore continue, for say three hundred
fee simple, but since he is only entitled to enjoy theyears. X, however, having a fee simple in reversion,
land when B dies, it will be a fee in remainder.has a piece of property which he can leave in his will
In this example, A has granted away the wholeor sell in his lifetime, or if he dies without making a
estate in the land which he formerly held, becausewill, the fee simple will pass, with his other property,
the grant ends with a gift of the fee simple into those persons entitled on an intestacy.
remainder to C. If, however, A had only grantedA remainder or reversion therefore, is the subject of
Blackacre "to B for life", what would happen topresent ownership. The difficulty of understanding
Blackacre on B's death? Here it can be seen that Athis concept is largely because to the non-legal mind it
has not granted away the whole of his estate, butis the land which is the subject of ownership. We
only a part of it, namely, a life estate and the rest ofhave seen, however, that a tenant owns no land but
the estate, after taking B's life estate out of it,only an estate in the land, the estate giving him a
remains the property of A.right to enjoy the land either immediately or at some
Consequently on B's death the land will come back orfuture date and for a shorter or longer period.
revert, to A. A's right to the land in this case is aThe estate and the land to which it relates are thus
right to enjoy the land when B dies and because,two distinct matters and an estate may be the
when this happens, the land reverts to A, A's estatesubject of present ownership although the right
is called "a reversion". A reversion is thus similar to awhich it gives to possession of Jamaica real estate
remainder in that the right to enjoy the land isand land may be postponed for many years.
postponed to a future date, but is unlike a remainder